Efficacite Des Institutions De Microfinance En Uemoa : Une Approche Outreach-Intermediation Financiere
Résumé
Our study aims to measure the efficiency of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union), using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). This is the first study that considers both the intermediary function and outreach of MFIs, in this region. We find a very low average efficiency of 50% under Constant return to scale (CRS) and 63% under Variable return to scale (VRS) . The decrease in efficiency over the decade 2000-2010, for the whole area, is due to difficulties faced by the microfinance sector that led to foreclosures of many institutions, or deteriorating outreach indicators especially in countries such as Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Benin. Sound financial management and portfolio, subsidies have a positive impact on efficiency and the size of MFIs and training have a negative impact.