Crushing of composite tubular structures and energy absorption for aircraft seat development
Résumé
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the ability of diverse composite structures to dissipate the energy generated during a crash. To this end, composite tubes were tested in compression in order to identify their behavior and determine their absorbing capabilities using the Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) (energy absorbed per unit weight). Various composite tubular structures with different materials and architectures were tested, including hybrid composition of carbon-aramid and hybrid configuration of 0/90 UD with woven or braided fabric. Several inventive and experimental trigger systems have been tested to try and enhance the absorption capabilities of the tested structures. SEA values up to 140 kJ.kg-1 were obtained, achieving better than most instances from the literature, reaching around 80 kJ.kg-1. Specimens with 0°-oriented fibers coincidental with the direction of compression reached the highest SEA values while those with no fiber oriented in this direction performed poorly. Compression tests were also monitored by means of thermal imaging cameras in order to compare and evaluate the energy dissipated into thermal effects. Although an increase in temperature was clearly noted, the data spectrum was overall insufficient to lead to the SEA value.
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