Optimization of the extraction process of bioactive compounds from Rhamnus alaternus leaves using Box-Behnken experimental design
Résumé
The Rhamnus alaternus plant is a rich source of excellent bioactive compounds including polyphenols and flavonoids. Yet, the improvement of the extraction yield of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) from this plant has never been inspected in depth. Hence, using a 15-run Box-Behnken design, a dynamic maceration process was optimized for the extraction of TPC and TFC in order to investigate the antioxidant capacity of the various fractions by DPPH assay. Three factors (i.e., ratio of solvent-to-solid material plant, stirring speed and extraction time), were investigated and optimized for establishing a cost-effective process in order to produce extracts rich in phenolic components. With a desirability value of 0.970, the optimal extraction parameters of polyphenols and flavonoids were as follows: a ratio of solvent-to-solid of 10:1 mL/g, a stirring speed of 518 rpm, and 24 h of extraction. For such optimized conditions of dynamic maceration, the highest total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents were experimentally determined at 230.9 mg GAE/g and 121.1 mg QE/g of extract, respectively with an IC50 value of 22.5 μg/mL, and were in agreement with the obtained model values.
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